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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on June 19, 2009
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcp091
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

d14, a Strigolactone Insensitive Mutant of Rice, Shows an Accelerated Outgrowth of Tillers

Tomotsugu Arite1, Mikihisa Umehara2, Shinji Ishikawa3, Atsushi Hanada2, Masahiko Maekawa4, Shinjiro Yamaguchi2 and Junko Kyozuka3

1Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, 921-8836 JAPAN
2RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
3Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
4Research Institute for Bioresources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046 Japan

Corresponding Author: Dr. Junko Kyozuka, Address; Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan, TEL; 03-5841-5465, Fax; 03-5841-5087, e-mail; akyozuka{at}mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp


  Abstract

Recent studies using highly branched mutants of pea, Arabidopsis and rice have demonstrated that strigolactones, a group of terpenoid lactones, act as a new hormone class, or its biosynthetic precursors, in inhibiting shoot branching. Here, we provide evidence that DWARF14 (D14) inhibits rice tillering and may act as a new component of the strigolactone-dependent branching inhibition pathway. The d14 mutant exhibits increased shoot branching with reduced plant height as previously characterized strigolactone-deficient and -insensitive mutants, d10 and d3, respectively. The d10-1 d14-1 double mutant is phenotypically indistinguishable from the d10-1 and d14-1 single mutants, consistent with the idea that D10 and D14 function in the same pathway. However unlike with d10, the d14 branching phenotype could not be rescued by exogenous strigolactones. In addition, the d14 mutant contained a higher level of 2'-epi-5-deoxystrigol than the wild type. Positional cloning revealed that D14 encodes a protein of the {alpha}/β-fold hydrolase superfamily, some members of which play a role in metabolism or signaling of plant hormones. We propose that D14 functions downstream of strigolactone synthesis, as a component of hormone signaling or as an enzyme that participates in the conversion of strigolactones to the bioactive form.

Keywords: Shoot branching - Strigolactone - DWARF 14 - rice - Hormone signaling

(Received May 14, 2009; Accepted June 16, 2009)
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