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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on February 27, 2009
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcp032
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Acclimation of Tobacco Leaves to High Light Intensity Drives the Plastoquinone Oxidation System (POS) – Relationship among the Fraction of Open PSII Centers (qL), Non-Photochemical Quenching (NPQ) of Chl Fluorescence and the Maximum Quantum Yield of PSII in the Dark (Fv/Fm)

Chikahiro Miyake*, Katsumi Amako2, Naomasa Shiraishi and Toshio Sugimoto

Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University
2Faculty of Nutrition, Kobegakuin University

*Corresponding author; Dr. Chikahiro Miyake. Address: 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501 JAPAN, e-mail cmiyake{at}hawk.kobe-u.ac.jp, fax ++81-78-803-5851


  Abstract

Responses of the reduction-oxidation level of plastoquinone (PQ) in the photosynthetic electron transport (PET) system of chloroplasts to growth-light intensity were evaluated in tobacco plants. Low-light (150 µmol photons m-2 s-1) grown plants (LL-plants) were exposed to high intensity of light (1,100 mmol photons m-2 s-1) for 1 day. Subsequently, the high-light exposed plants (LH-plants) were returned back again to low-light condition: these plants were designated as LHL-plants. Both LH- and LHL-plants showed higher values of non-photochemical quenching of Chl fluorescence (NPQ), the fraction of open PSII centers (qL), and lower values of the maximum quantum yield of PSII in the dark (Fv/Fm), compared to LL-plants. Dependence of qL on the quantum yield of PSII ({Phi}(PSII)) in LH- and LHL-plants was higher than that in LL-plant. To evaluate the effect of an increase in NPQ and decrease in Fv/Fm on qL, we derived an equation expressing qL in relation to both NPQ and Fv/Fm, according to the lake model of photoexcitation of the PSII-reaction center. As a result, the heat dissipation process, shown as NPQ, did not contribute greately to the increase in qL. On the other hand, decreased Fv/Fm did to the increase in qL, that is, the enhanced oxidation of PQ under photosynthesis-limited conditions. Thylakoid membranes isolated from LH-plants, having high qL, showed a higher tolerance against photoinhibition of PSII, compared to those from LL-plants. We propose a "Plastoquinone Oxidation System (POS)", which keeps PQ in an oxidized state by suppressing the accumulation of electrons in the PET system in a manner to regulate the maximum quantum yield of PSII.

Keywords: Acclimation - Fraction of Open PSII Reaction Centers (qL) - High Light Stress - Non-photochemical Quenching (NPQ) - Photosynthesis - Plastoquinone

(Received December 29, 2008; Accepted February 23, 2009)
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