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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on February 2, 2009
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcp017
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

A cellulose synthase-containing compartment moves rapidly beneath sites of secondary wall synthesis

Raymond Wightman, Robin Marshall and Simon R. Turner*

Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester. M13 9PT. United Kingdom.

*Corresponding author: Prof. Simon R. Turner. E-mail simon.turner{at}manchester.ac.uk; fax 44-(0)-161-275-3938.


  Abstract

The woody secondary walls of plants represent the major sites of cellulose deposition. The polymerization of cellulose occurs at the plasma membrane by the secondary wall Cellulose Synthase Complex (CSC). In the long, cylindrical cells that make up the xylem, secondary wall deposition is confined to discrete regions of the cell and YFP-labelled CSCs are also localized to these regions.

Using Fluorescence Loss In Photobleaching (FLIP) of complete hoops containing YFP-CSCs, we demonstrate movement of the complexes beneath the nascent secondary wall in developing xylem vessels. We have devised a method for determining particle velocities for particles moving around a cylindrical object using data from FLIP. By applying this method to the hoops of YFP-CSCs of the developing vessels, we have obtained the first estimates of speed of these complexes. These speeds are calculated to be in excess of 7 µm s-1 and are far higher than those speeds previously reported for the primary wall complex. These high speeds are unlikely to be consistent with CSC movement being attributed to cellulose synthesis alone and suggest the existence of a highly motile compartment beneath the nascent secondary wall.

Keywords: Arabidopsis - Cellulose Synthase Complex - FLIP - secondary cell wall - xylem - YFP

(Received October 26, 2008; Accepted January 27, 2009)
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