Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on January 23, 2009
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcp011
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VAJ/GFA1/CLO Is Involved in The Directional Control of Floral Organ Growth
1. Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
2. Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan
Corresponding author: Kiyotaka Okada, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan. Phone: +81-564-55-7650, 7651, 7104, FAX: +81-564-55-7656, 4386, E-mail: kiyo{at}nibb.ac.jp
| Abstract |
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Flowers assume variant forms of reproductive structures, a phenomenon which may be partially due to the diversity among species in the shape and size of floral organs. However, organ size and shape of flowers usually remain constant within a species when grown under the same environmental conditions. The molecular and genetic mechanisms that control organ size and shape are largely unknown. We isolated an Arabidopsis mutant, vajra-1 (vaj-1), exhibiting defects in the regulation of floral organ size and shape. In vaj-1, alterations in the size and shape of floral organs were caused by changes in both cell size and cell number. The vaj-1 mutation also affected the number of floral organs. In vaj-1, a mutation was found in GAMETOPHYTIC FACTOR 1 (GFA1)/ CLOTHO (CLO), recently shown to be required for female gametophyte development. The VAJ/GFA1/CLO gene encodes an EF-2 family protein, of which the human U5-116kD and yeast Snu114p counterparts are U5 snRNP-specific proteins. Transient expression assay using Arabidopsis protoplast revealed that VAJ protein co-localized with SC35, an SR protein involved in pre-mRNA splicing. Our results showed that VAJ/GFA1/CLO has a novel role in the directional control of floral organ growth in Arabidopsis, possibly acting through pre-mRNA splicing.
Keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana - Directional organ growth - Floral organ development - Pre-mRNA splicing
3. Present address: National Institute for Basic Biology, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585 Japan
4. Present address: Developmental Morphology Research Group, Graduated School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192 Japan
(Received December 1, 2008; Accepted January 20, 2009)
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