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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on November 18, 2008
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcn175
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Novel cysteine-rich peptides from Digitaria ciliaris and Oryza sativa enhance tolerance to cadmium by limiting its cellular accumulation

Masato Kuramata1,4, Shuichi Masuya1, Yoshihiro Takahashi1, Etsuko Kitagawa2, Chihiro Inoue3, Satoru Ishikawa4, Shohab Youssefian5 and Tomonobu Kusano1

1Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan; 2Akita Agricultural Experiment Station, Akita Prefectural Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Center, 34-1 Aikawa, Yuwa, Akita 010-1231 Japan; 3Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-20 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; 4Department of Environmental Chemistry, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan; 5Faculty of Biological Resources, Akita Prefectural University, 241-7 Kaidobata Nishi, Akita 010-1095, Japan

Corresponding author: Prof. Tomonobu Kusano, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan, Telephone number: +81-22-217-5709; Fax number: +81-22-217-5709. E-mail: kusano{at}ige.tohoku.ac.jp


  Abstract

By means of functional screening using the cadmium (Cd)-sensitive ycf1 yeast mutant, we have isolated a novel cDNA clone, DcCDT1, from Digitaria ciliaris growing in a former mining area in northern Japan, and have shown that it confers Cd tolerance to the yeast cells, which accumulated almost twofold lower Cd levels than control cells. The 521 bp DcCDT1 cDNA contains an open reading frame of 168 bp and encodes a deduced peptide, DcCDT1, that is 55 amino acid residues in length of which 15 (27.3%) are cysteine residues. Five DcCDT1 homologues (here termed OsCDT1-5) have been identified in rice and all of them were up-regulated to varying degrees in the above-ground tissues by CdCl2 treatment. Localization of GFP fusions suggests that DcCDT1 and OsCDT1 are targeted to both cytoplasmic membranes and cell walls of plant cells. Transgenic A. thaliana plants overexpressing DcCDT1 or OsCDT1 displayed a Cd-tolerant phenotype and, consistent with our yeast data, accumulated lower amounts of Cd when grown on CdCl2. Collectively, our data suggest that DcCDT1 and OsCDT1 function to prevent entry of Cd into yeast and plant cells and thereby enhance their Cd tolerance.

Keywords: cadmium - cysteine-rich peptide - Digitaria ciliaris - Oryza sativa - tolerance - transgenic plant

(Received August 26, 2008; Accepted November 13, 2008)
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