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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on October 14, 2008
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcn150
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

PKS activities and biosynthesis of cannabinoids and flavonoids in Cannabis sativa L. plants.

Isvett Josefina Flores-Sanchez and Robert Verpoorte

Pharmacognosy Department/Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Gorlaeus Laboratories, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands

Correspondence author: Robert Verpoorte, Pharmacognosy Department/Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O.Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. Phone: (+31) 71 52 74 528, Fax: (+31) 71 52 74 511, E-mail: verpoort{at}chem.leidenuniv.nl


  Abstract

Polyketide synthase (PKS) enzymatic activities were analyzed in crude protein extracts from cannabis plant tissues. Chalcone synthase (CHS, EC 2.3.1.74 [EC] ), stilbene synthase (STS, EC 2.3.1.95 [EC] ), phlorisovalerophenone synthase (VPS, EC 2.3.1.156 [EC] ), isobutyrophenone synthase (BUS) and olivetol synthase activities were detected during the development and growth of glandular trichomes on bracts. Cannabinoid biosynthesis and accumulation take place in these glandular trichomes. In the biosynthesis of the first precursor of cannabinoids, olivetolic acid, a PKS could be involved; however, no activity for an olivetolic acid-forming PKS was detected. Content analyses of cannabinoids and flavonoids, two secondary metabolites present in this plant, from plant tissues revealed differences in their distribution, suggesting a diverse regulatory control on these biosynthetic fluxes in the plant.

Keywords: Cannabinoids - Cannabis sativa - Flavonoids - Glandular trichomes - Olivetol synthase - Polyketide synthase

(Received July 2, 2008; Accepted October 7, 2008)
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