Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on September 4, 2008
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcn127
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A cell wall bound adenosine nucleosidase is involved in the salvage of extracellular ATP in Solanum tuberosum
1Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
2Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Grossbeeren, Germany
*Corresponding Author: Dr. Peter Geigenberger, Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Grossbeeren, Germany, Mail: geigenberger{at}igzev.de, Phone: +49-33701-78220, Fax: +49-33701-55391
| Abstract |
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Extracellular ATP (eATP) has recently been demonstrated to play a crucial role in plant development and growth. To investigate the fate of eATP within the apoplast, we used intact potato (Solanum tuberosum) tuber slices as experimental system enabling access to the apoplast without interference of cytosolic contaminations. (i) Incubation of intact tuber slices with ATP led to the formation of ADP, AMP, adenosine, adenine and ribose, indicating operation of apyrase, 5'-nucleotidase and nucleosidase. (ii) Measurement of apyrase, 5'-nucleotidase and nucleosidase activities in fractionated tuber tissue confirmed apoplastic localization for apyrase and phosphatase in potato and led to the identification of a novel cell-wall bound adenosine nucleosidase activity. (iii) When intact tuber slices were incubated with saturating concentrations of adenosine, the conversion of adenosine into adenine was much higher than adenosine import into the cell suggesting a potential bypass of adenosine import. Consistent with this, import of radio-labeled adenine into tuber slices was inhibited when ATP, ADP or AMP were added to the slices. (iv) In wild type plants, apyrase and adenosine nucleosidase activities were found to be co-regulated, indicating functional linkage of these enzymes in a shared pathway. (v) Moreover, adenosine nucleosidase activity was reduced in transgenic lines with strongly reduced apoplastic apyrase activity. When taken together, these results suggest that a complete ATP-salvage pathway is present in the apoplast of plant cells.
Keywords: extracellular ATP - signaling - apyrase - adenosine nucleosidase - apoplast - cell wall - Solanum tuberosum
(Received July 11, 2008; Accepted August 25, 2008)
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