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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on March 27, 2008
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcn048
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Biochemical and Genetic Analysis of Carbohydrate Accumulation in Allium cepa L.

Shigenori Yaguchi1,2, John McCallum4, Martin Shaw4, Meeghan Pither-Joyce4, Shuichi Onodera3, Norio Shiomi3, Naoki Yamauchi1,2 and Masayoshi Shigyo1,2,*

1 Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
2 The United Graduated School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
3 Department of Food Science, Faculty of Dairy Science, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
4 New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, NEW ZEALAND.

Corresponding Author: Dr. Masayoshi Shigyo, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan; telephone: +81 83 9335842; fax: +81 83 9335842; e-mail: shigyo{at}yamaguchi-u.ac.jp


  Abstract

Onion and shallot (Allium cepa L.) exhibit wide variation in bulb fructan content and the Frc locus on chromosome 8 conditions much of this variation. To understand the biochemical basis of Frc we conducted biochemical and genetic analyses of Allium fistulosum (FF) - shallot (A. cepa Aggregatum group) alien monosomic addition lines (AALs; FF+1A-FF+8A) and onion mapping populations. Sucrose and fructan levels in leaves of FF+2A were significantly lower than FF throughout the year and springtime activity of acid invertase was also lower. FF+8A showed significantly higher winter sucrose accumulation and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activity. Inbred high fructan (Frc_) lines from the ‘W202A x Texas Grano 438' (WxT) onion population exhibited significantly higher sucrose levels prior to bulbing than low fructan (frcfrc) lines. SuSy activity in these lines was correlated with leaf hexose content but not with Frc phenotype. Markers for additional candidate genes for sucrose metabolism were obtained by cloning a major SPS expressed in onion leaf and exhaustively mining onion EST resources. SPS and SuSy loci were assigned to chromosome 8 and 6 respectively using AALs and linkage mapping. Further loci were assigned, using AALs, to chromosomes 1 (sucrose phosphate phosphatase), 2 (SuSy and 3 invertases) and 8 (neutral invertase). The concordance between chromosome 8 localization of SPS and elevated leaf sucrose levels conditioned by high fructan alleles at the Frc locus in bulb onion or alien monosomic additions of chromosome 8 in A. fistulosum suggest that the Frc locus may condition variation in SPS activity.

Keywords: Fructan - Onion - Japanese bunching onion - Mapping - Sucrose

(Received December 23, 2007; Accepted March 18, 2008)
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S. Yaguchi, T. Nakajima, T. Sumi, N. Yamauchi, and M. Shigyo
Profiling of Nondigestible Carbohydrate Products in a Complete Set of Alien Monosomic Addition Lines Explains Genetic Controls of Its Metabolisms in Allium cepa
J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., September 1, 2009; 134(5): 521 - 528.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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