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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on March 27, 2008
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcn047
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

An analysis of long-distance water transport in the soybean stem using H215O

Tomoyuki Ohya*, Keitaro Tanoi*, Yousuke Hamada*, Hirotaka Okabe**, Hiroki Rai*, Junko Hojo***, Kazutoshi Suzuki*** and Tomoko Nakanishi*

* Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Applied Biological Chemistry, 1-1-1, Yayoi Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
** Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744, Motooka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
*** National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Medical Imaging, 4-9-1, Anagawa Inage-ku, Chiba-Shi, 263-8555, Japan

Corresponding Author: Tomoyuki Ohya, Address: 1-1-1, Yayoi Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan, Telephone number: +81-3-5841-5440, Fax number: +81-3-5841-8193, e-mail address: atohya{at}mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp


  Abstract

The lateral water movement in the intact stem of a transpiring soybean plant was analyzed quantitatively by a real-time measurement system utilizing labeled water, H215O, and gamma ray detectors. A large volume of water escaping from xylem vessels during its transport was detected. The escape of water was not influenced by evaporation from the stem surface or mass flow in the sieve tubes. It was assumed that the total amount of water transported through xylem vessels was kept almost completely constant along the internode. As a result, most of the escaped water was found to re-enter the xylem vessels, i.e. water exchange occurred. The analysis of radiographs of THO suggested that the self-diffusion effect of water was strong for lateral water movement though another driving force besides thermal motion was included in the process, and that the process was also affected by the water permeability of plasma membrane. An analysis based on a mathematical model showed that the net volume of water escaped from xylem vessels was not dependent on the transpiration rate of the plant.

Keywords: H215O - internode - soybean - real-time measurement - water exchange - water relation

(Received January 28, 2008; Accepted March 18, 2008)
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