Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on March 26, 2008
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcn046
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Functional Analysis of Three Lily (Lilium longiflorum) APETALA1-like MADS Box Genes in Regulating Floral Transition and Formation
Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan 40227 ROC
1 Corresponding author: Prof. Chang-Hsien Yang, Graduate Institute of Biotechnology National Chung Hsing University Taichung, Taiwan 40227 ROC, Tel: (886) 4-2285-3126, (886) 4-2284-0328 ext. 756, Fax: (886) 4-2285-3126, (886) 4-2285-3527, E-mail: chyang{at}dragon.nchu.edu.tw
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Three cDNAs showed high homology to the SQUA subfamily of MADS box genes were isolated and characterized from the lily (Lilium longiflorum). Lily MADS Box Gene 5 (LMADS5) showed high sequence identity to oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) SQUAMOSA3 (EgSQUA3). LMADS6 is closely related to LMADS5 whereas LMADS7 is more related to DOMADS2, an orchid (Dendrobium) gene in the SQUA subfamily. The expression pattern for these three genes was similar and their RNA was detected in vegetative stem and inflorescence meristem. LMADS5, 6 were highly expressed in vegetative leaves and carpel whereas the LMADS7 expression was absent. Ectopic expression of LMADS5, 6 or 7 in transgenic Arabidopsis plants showed novel phenotypes by flowering early and producing terminal flowers. Homeotic conversion of sepals to carpelloid and petal to stamen-like structures were also observed in 35S::LMADS5, 6 or 7 flowers. Ectopic expression of LMADS6 or LMADS7 was able to complement the ap1 flower defect in transgenic Arabidopsis ap1 mutant plants. These results strongly indicated that the function of these three lily genes was involved in flower formation as well as in floral induction. Furthermore, the ability for lily LMADS 6 and 7 to complement the Arabidopsis ap1 mutant provided further evidence to show that the conserved motifs (paleoAP1 or euAP1) in C terminus of SQUA/AP1 subfamily of MADS box genes is not strictly necessary for their function.
Keywords: APETALA1 - Arabidopsis thaliana - Floral formation - Lilium longiflorum - MADS box genes - SQUAMOSA
(Received December 17, 2007; Accepted March 17, 2008)
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