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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on March 6, 2008
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcn033
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

The signal role of extracellular ATP and its dependence on Ca2+ flux in elicitation of Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy root cultures

Shu-Jing Wu, Yuan-Shuai Liu and Jian-Yong Wu

Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong

Corresponding author: Dr. Jian-Yong WU, Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Tel: (852)34008671; Fax: (852) 23649932 E-mail address: bcjywu{at}polyu.edu.hk


  Abstract

The application of a polysaccharide elicitor from yeast extract, YE, to Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy root cultures induced transient release of ATP from the roots to the medium, leading to a dose-dependant increase in the extracellular ATP (eATP) level. The eATP level rose to a peak (about 6.5 nM with 100 mg/L YE) at about 10 h after YE treatment, but dropped to the control level 6 h later. The elicitor-induced ATP release was dependent on membrane Ca2+ influx, and abolished by Ca2+ chelator EGTA or channel blocker La3+. The YE-induced H2O2 production was strongly inhibited by reactive blue (RB), a specific inhibitor of membrane purinoceptors. On the other hand, the application of exogenous ATP at 10-100 µM to the cultures also induced rapid and dose-dependant increases in H2O2 production and medium pH, both of which were effectively blocked by RB and EGTA. The non-hydrolyzable ATP analogue ATP{gamma}S was as effective as ATP, but the hydrolyzed derivative ADP or AMP was not so effective to induce the pH and H2O2 increases. Our results suggest that ATP release is an early event and the eATP plays a signal role in the elicitation of plant cell responses; Ca2+ is required for activating the elicitor-induced ATP release and the eATP signal transduction. This is the first report on ATP release induced by a fungal elicitor and its involvement in the elicitor-induced responses in plant cells.

Keywords: Extracellular ATP - Fungal elicitor - Ca2+ flux - H2O2 production - H+ flux - Salvia miltiorrhiza

(Received January 13, 2008; Accepted February 20, 2008)
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