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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on January 16, 2008
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcn009
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Functional Differentiation of Lotus japonicus TT2s, R2R3-MYB Transcription Factors Comprising a Multigene Family

Kazuko Yoshida1, Rieko Iwasaka1, Takakazu Kaneko2, Shusei Sato2, Satoshi Tabata2 and Masaaki Sakuta1

1Department of Biology, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, 112-8610 Japan, 2Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, 292-0812 Japan

Corresponding author:, Dr. Masaaki Sakuta, Street address: 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Telephone number: +81-3-5978-5712, Fax number: +81-3-5978-5712, E-mail address: msakuta{at}cc.ocha.ac.jp


  Abstract

Leguminous plants have many paralogous genes encoding enzymes involved in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. Duplicate genes are predicted to contribute to the production of various flavonoid compounds and to have resulted in a diversity of legume species. We identified gene duplication in the transcription factors regulating flavonoid biosynthesis in the model legume Lotus japonicus. Three copies of a homologue of Arabidopsis thaliana TRANSPARENT TESTA2 (TT2), which is an MYB transcription factor that regulates proanthocyanidin biosynthesis, were present in the L. japonicus genome. The organ specificity and stress responsiveness differed among the three LjTT2s, and correlations between proanthocyanidin accumulation and the expression levels of LjTT2s were observed during seedling development. Moreover, three LjTT2s functionally complemented TT2 in transient expression experiments in A. thaliana leaf cells. The different reporter activity caused by LjTT2a was consistent with the affinity of physical interactions with TT8 and TTG1 in yeast two-hybrid experiments as well as branching pattern of the phylogenetic tree. These results suggest that LjTT2 factors have diverse functions in the tissues in which they are expressed; in particular, LjTT2a is predicted to have evolved flexibility in interaction with other transcription regulators to resist environmental stresses.

Keywords: Lotus japonicus - multigene family - MYB - proanthocyanidin - transcription factor

(Received December 12, 2007; Accepted January 10, 2008)
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