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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on September 30, 2007
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcm124
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Responses to desiccation stress in bryophytes and an important role of dithiothreitol-insensitive nonphotochemical quenching against photoinhibition in dehydrated states

Hayase Nabe, Ryoko Funabiki, Yasuhiro Kashino, Hiroyuki Koike and Kazuhiko Satoh

Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Harima Science Garden City, Hyogo, 678-1297 Japan

Corresponding author: Hayase Nabe. Department of Life Science, School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Harima Science Garden City, Hyogo, 678-1297 Japan. Tel; 0791-58-0185, Fax; 0791-58-0185, E-mail; rl05u006{at}stkt.u-hyogo.ac.jp


  Abstract

Effects of air-drying and hypertonic treatments in the dark on seven bryophytes, which had grown under different water environments, were studied. All the desiccation-tolerant species tested lost most of their photosystem (PS) II photochemical activities when the photosynthetic electron transport was inhibited by air-drying, while, in all the sensitive species, their PSII photochemical activities remained in a high level even when photosynthesis was totally inhibited. The PSI reaction center remained active under drying conditions in both sensitive and tolerant species, but the activity became non-detectable in the light only in tolerant species due to deactivation of the cyclic electron flow around PSI and of the back reaction in PSI. Light-induced nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) was found to be induced not only by the xanthophyll cycle but also by a {Delta}pH-induced, dithiothreitol-insensitive mechanism in both the desiccation-tolerant and -intolerant bryophytes. The both mechanisms were supposed to have an important role in protecting desiccation-tolerant species from photoinhibition under drying conditions. Fluorescence emission spectra at 77K showed that dehydration-induced quenching of PSII fluorescence was observed only in tolerant species and was due to neither state 1- state 2 transition nor detachment of light-harvesting chlorophyll protein complexes from PSII core complexes. Presence of dehydration-induced quenching of PSI fluorescence was also suggested.

Keywords: Bryophyte - desiccation tolerance - hypertonic treatment - nonphotochemical quenching - photosystem II - xanthophyll cycle

(Received July 8, 2007; Revision received September 21, 2007. Accepted September 23, 2007)
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