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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on August 10, 2007
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcm105
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© Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 2007

CSR1, The Sole Target of Imidazolinone Herbicide in Arabidopsis thaliana

Yuzuki Manabe, Nicholas Tinker, Adam Colville and Brian Miki

Bioproducts and Bioprocesses, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada

Corresponding author: Brian Miki, Bioproducts and Bioprocesses, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6, Tel: 613-759-1685, Fax: 613-759-1701, Email: mikib{at}agr.gc.ca


  Abstract

The imidazolinone tolerant mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana, csr1-2D, carries a mutation equivalent to that found in commercially available Clearfield® crops. Despite their widespread usage, the mechanism by which Clearfield® crops gain imidazolinone herbicide tolerance has not yet been fully characterized. Transcription profiling of imazapyr (an imidazolinone herbicide)-treated wildtype and csr1-2D mutant plants using Affymetrix ATH1 GeneChip® microarrays was performed to further elucidate the biochemical and genetic mechanisms of imidazolinone resistance.

In wildtype shoots, the genes which responded earliest to imazapyr treatment were detoxification-related genes which have also been shown to be induced by other abiotic stresses. Early-response genes included steroid sulfotransferase (ST) and ACC-oxidase (ACO), as well as members of the glycosyltransferase, glutathione transferase (GST), cytochrome P450, ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter, multidrug and toxin extrusion (MATE), and alternative oxidase (AOX) protein families. Later stages of the imazapyr response involved regulation of genes participating in biosynthesis of amino acids, secondary metabolites, and tRNA.

In contrast to the dynamic changes in the transcriptome profile observed in imazapyr-treated wildtype plants, the transcriptome of csr1-2D did not exhibit significant changes following imazapyr-treatment, compared to mock-treated csr1-2D. Further, no substantial difference was observed between wildtype and csr1-2D transcriptomes in the absence of imazapyr treatment. These results indicate that CSR1 is the sole target of imidazolinone and that the csr1-2D mutation has little or no detrimental effect on whole-plant fitness.

Keywords: Imidazolinone Herbicide - CSR1 - Branched-Chain Amino Acids Biosynthesis - Food Safety - Affymetrix ATH1 GeneChip® Microarray - Arabidopsis thaliana


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