Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on January 23, 2007
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcm011
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Pathogen-induced calmodulin isoforms in basal resistance against bacterial and fungal pathogens in tobacco
1Plant-Microbe Interaction Research, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
2Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda Chiba, 278-8510 Japan
3Genome and Drug Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda Chiba, 278-8510 Japan
*Corresponding author: Yuko Ohashi National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS) Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602 Japan, Tel: 81-029-8387440, Fax: 81-029-8387469, E-mail: yohashi{at}affrc.go.jp
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Abstract |
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Thirteen tobacco calmodulin (CaM) genes fall into three distinct amino acid homology types. Wound-inducible type I isoforms NtCaM1 and 2 were moderately induced by TMV-mediated hypersensitive reaction, and the type III isoform NtCaM13 was highly induced, while the type II isoforms NtCaM3 through 12 showed little response. Type I- and III-knockdown tobacco lines were generated using inverted-repeat sequences from NtCaM1 and 13, respectively to evaluate the contribution of pathogen-induced CaMs to disease resistance. After specific reduction of type I and III CaMs expression was confirmed in both transgenic lines respectively, we analyzed the response to TMV infection, and found that TMV susceptibility was slightly enhanced in type III CaM-knockdown lines compared with the control line. Resistance to a compatible strain of the bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum, and fungal pathogens Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium aphanidermatum was significantly lower in type III but not in type I CaM-knockdown plants. Expression of jasmonic acid (JA)- and/or ethylene-inducible basic PR genes was not affected in these lines, suggesting that type III CaM isoforms are likely involved in basal defense against necrotrophic pathogens in a manner that is independent of JA and ethylene signaling.
Keywords: Basal defense - Calmodulin - Multigene family - Virulent pathogen - Tobacco
4 These authors contributed equally to this work.
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