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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on January 19, 2007
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcm008
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Overexpression of miR165 Affects Apical Meristem Formation, Organ Polarity Establishment, and Vascular Development in Arabidopsis

Gong-Ke Zhou1, Minoru Kubo2, Ruiqin Zhong1, Taku Demura2 and Zheng-Hua Ye1,3

1Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
2 RIKEN Plant Science Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan

3Corresponding author: E-mail, zhye{at}plantbio.uga.edu; Fax, +1-706-542-1832.


  Abstract

The class III homeodomain leucine-zipper (HD-ZIP III) genes are thought to be targets of microRNAs 165 and 166, but it is not known whether all the developmental processes affected by mutations of the HD-ZIP III genes could be recapitulated by an alteration in the expression of miR165 and miR166. Previous work showed that overexpression of miR166 by activation tagging results in down-regulation of the ATHB-9/PHV, ATHB-14/PHB and ATHB-15 genes, and concomitantly causes an enlargement of SAMs and an enhancement in vascular development. Here we demonstrated that overexpression of miR165 causes a drastic reduction in the transcript levels of all five HD-ZIP III genes in Arabidopsis. The miR165 overexpressors display prominent phenotypes reminiscent of loss-of-function mutants of rev phb phv and rev/ifl1, including loss of shoot apical meristem, alteration of organ polarity, abnormal formation of carpels, inhibition of vascular development, and aberrant differentiation of interfascicular fibers. Global gene expression analysis revealed a link between miR165 overexpression and altered expression of genes involved in auxin signaling and vascular development. Our results demonstrate that overexpression of miR165 recapitulates the phenotypes caused by loss-of-mutations of HD-ZIP III genes, such as loss of shoot apical meristem, altered organ polarity, and defects in development of vascular tissues and interfascicular fibers.

Keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana - Homeodomain proteins - Meristem - MicroRNA - Organ polarity - Vascular development


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