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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on September 8, 2006
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcl006
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Short Communication

Chara myosin and the energy of cytoplasmic streaming

Keiichi Yamamoto 1 *, Kiyo Shimada 2, Khoji Ito 1, Saeko Hamada 3, Akio Ishijima 4, Takayoshi Tsuchiya 1, and Masashi Tazawa 5

1 Department of Biology, Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, JAPAN
2 Chiba Industry Advancement Center, Mihama-ku, Chiba 261-7126, JAPAN
3 Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902 JAPAN
4 Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577 JAPAN
5 Retired, The University of Tokyo in 1990.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Keiichi Yamamoto, E-mail: yamamoto{at}bio.s.chiba-u.ac.jp


  Abstract

Recently, it was found that myosin generating very fast cytoplasmic streaming in Chara corallina has very high ATPase activity. To estimate the energy consumed by this myosin, its concentration in the internodal cells of Chara corallina was determined by quantitative immunoblot. It was found that the concentration of Chara myosin was considerably high (200 nM) and the amount of ATP consumed by this myosin would exceed that supplied by dark respiration if all myosin molecules were fully activated by the interaction with actin. These results and model calculations suggested that energy required to generate cytoplasmic streaming is very small and only one hundredth of existing myosin is enough to maintain the force for the streaming in the Chara cell.

Keywords: Myosin; cytoplasmic streaming; Chara corallina; maintenance energy; ATPase.
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