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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on August 3, 2006
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcj095
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© The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP); all rights reserved.
Received May 6, 2006
Accepted July 25, 2006

Regular Paper

Characterization of cyanobacteriochrome TePixJ from a thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus strain BP-1

Takami Ishizuka 1, Takashi Shimada 2, Koji Okajima 1, Shizue Yoshihara 3, Yuriko Ochiai 1, Mitsunori Katayama 1, and Masahiko Ikeuchi 1 *

1 Department of Life Sciences (Biology), The University of Tokyo, Komaba 3-8-1, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
2 Tsukuba Proteomics Research Center, SHIMADZU BIOTECH, 3-17-1, Azuma, Tsukuba 305-0031, Japan
3 Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Masahiko Ikeuchi, E-mail: mikeuchi{at}bio.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp


  Abstract

A putative photoreceptor gene, TepixJ, of a thermophilic cyanobacterium is homologous to SypixJ1 that mediates positive phototaxis in the unicellular motile cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The putative chromophore-binding GAF domain of TePixJ protein was overexpressed as a fusion with a poly-histidine tag (His-TePixJ_GAF) in Synechocystis cells and isolated into homogeneity. The photoreversible conversion of the His-TePixJ_GAF showed peaks at 531 nm, 341 nm and 266 nm for the green light-absorbing form (Pg form) and peaks at 433 nm and 287 nm for the blue light-absorbing form (Pb form). At 77K, the Pg form fluoresced at 580 nm, while the Pb form did not emit any fluorescence. Mass spectrometry of the tryptic chromopeptide demonstrated that a phycocyanobilin isomer binds to the conserved cysteine at the ring A via a thioether bond. It is established that TePixJ and SyPixJ1 are novel photoreceptors in cyanobacteria ("cyanobacteriochrome") that are similar but distinct from the phytochrome and bacteriophytochromes.

Keywords: cyanobacteriochrome; GAF domain; photoreceptor; phototaxis; phycocyanobilin; phytochrome.
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