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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on July 18, 2006
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcj076
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© The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP); all rights reserved.
Received April 12, 2006
Accepted June 5, 2006

Regular Paper

Ecotopic expression of the cotton nonsymbiotic hemoglobin gene GhHbl triggers defence responses and increases disease tolerence in Arabidopsis

Zhan-Liang QU 1, Nai-Qin ZHONG 2, Hai-Yun WANG 2, An-Ping CHEN 2, Gui-Liang JIAN 3, and Gui-Xian XIA 2 *

1 State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China; College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
2 State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
3 Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Gui-Xian XIA, E-mail: guixianx{at}yahoo.com


  Abstract

Plant non-symbiotic hemoglobins (nsHbs) play important roles in a variety of cellular processes. Previous evidence from this laboratory indicates that the expression of a class 1 nsHb gene (GhHb1) from cotton is induced in cotton roots challenged with the Verticillium wilt fungus. The present study examined further the expression patterns of the GhHb1 gene in cotton plants and characterized its in vivo function through ectopic overexpression of the gene in Arabidopsis thaliana. Expression of GhHb1 in cotton plants was induced by exogenously applied salicylic acid, methyl jasmonic acid, ethylene, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and nitric oxide (NO). Ectopic overproduction of GhHb1 in Arabidopsis led to constitutive expression of the defense genes PR-1 and PDF1.2 and conferred enhanced disease resistance to P. syringae and tolerance to V. dahliae. GhHb1-transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings were more tolerant to exogenous NO and contained lower levels of cellular NO than the wild-type control. Moreover, transgenic plants with relatively high levels of expression of the GhHb1 gene developed spontaneous hypersensitive lesions on the leaves in the absence of pathogen inoculation. Our results indicate that GhHb1 proteins play a role in the defense responses against pathogen invasions, possibly by modulating the NO level and the ratio of H2O2/NO in the defense process.

Keywords: Nonsymbiotic hemoglobin; Nitric oxide; Plant hormone; Hypersensitive response; Verticillium dahliae.
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