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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on March 10, 2006
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcj032
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Plant and Cell Physiology 2006 © The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP); all rights reserved.
Received February 21, 2006
Accepted March 7, 2006

Short Communication

Plant Lanosterol Synthase: Divergence of the Sterol and Triterpene Biosynthetic Pathways in Eukaryotes

Satoru Sawai 1, Tomoyoshi Akashi 1, Nozomu Sakurai 2, Hideyuki Suzuki 2, Daisuke Shibata 2, Shin-ichi Ayabe 1, and Toshio Aoki 1 *

1 Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-8510 Japan
2 Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0818 Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Toshio Aoki, E-mail: taoki{at}brs.nihon-u.ac.jp


  Abstract

Sterols, essential eukaryotic constituents, are biosynthesized through either of cyclic triterpenes, lanosterol (fungi and animals) or cycloartenol (plants). The cDNA for OSC7 of Lotus japonicus was shown to encode lanosterol synthase (LAS) by the complementation of a LAS-deficient mutant yeast and structural identification of the accumulated lanosterol. A double site-directed mutant of OSC7, in which amino acid residues crucial for the reaction specificity were changed to the cycloartenol-synthase (CAS) type, produced parkeol and cycloartenol. The multiple amino acid sequence alignment of a conserved region suggests that the LAS of different eukaryotic lineages emerged from the ancestral CAS by convergent evolution.

Keywords: Cycloartenol; Lanosterol; Lotus japonicus; Oxidosqualene cyclase.
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