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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on January 17, 2006
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcj007
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Plant and Cell Physiology 2006 © The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP); all rights reserved.
Received November 25, 2005
Accepted January 4, 2006

Regular Paper

Adaptative Response of Vitis Root to Anoxia

Stefano Mancuso 1 * and Anna Maria Marras 2

1 Laboratorio di Neurobiologia delle Piante - Dipartimento di Ortoflorofrutticoltura, Polo Scientifico, Università di Firenze, viale delle idee 30, 50019 Sesto F.no (FI), Italy
2 Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Polo Scientifico, Università di Firenze, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto F.no (FI), Italy

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Stefano Mancuso, E-mail: stefano.mancuso{at}unifi.it


  Abstract

The effect of anoxia on the energy economy of root cells was studied by measuring heat production, ethanol and ATP production, K+ fluxes and electrical activity in two Vitis species, V. riparia and V. rupestris that differ in their tolerance to anoxia.

Anoxia triggered a marked decrease of metabolic activity (measured by microcalorimetry) and of ATP levels in both species. In V. riparia after the first two hours of anoxia, the decrease in the rate of heat production was not associated with a further significant decrease in ATP content whereas in V. rupestris ATP level continued to decrease until very low values. The concomitant increase in the rate of ethanol production did not compensate for the decreased aerobic ATP supply. In V. rupestris anoxia typically led to energy deficit and ATP imbalance, together with the subsequent disruption of ion homeostasis and cell death. In V. riparia the strong decrease in K+ membrane permeability together with the fast down-regulation of the electrical signals allowed the cells to avoid severe ion imbalances during prolonged anoxic episodes.

Keywords: Anoxia; Electrical signals; Down-regulation; Hochachka's "hypoxia defense strategy"; Potassium flux (under anoxia); Transition zone; Vitis riparia; Vitis rupestris.
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