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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on January 13, 2006
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pcj006
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Plant and Cell Physiology 2006 © The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP); all rights reserved.
Received September 7, 2005
Accepted January 4, 2006

Regular Paper

Action Spectrum of Photoinhibition in Leaves of Wild Type and npq1-2 and npq4-1 Mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana

Päivi Sarvikas 1, Marja Hakala 1, Eija Pätsikkä 1, Taina Tyystjärvi 1, and Esa Tyystjärvi 1 *

1 Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Esa Tyystjärvi, E-mail: esatyy{at}utu.fi


  Abstract

Photoinhibition is light-induced inactivation of Photosystem II (PSII). Hypotheses about the photoreceptor(s) of photoinhibition include the chlorophyll antenna of PSII, manganese of the oxygen-evolving complex, uncoupled chlorophyll and iron-sulphur centres. We measured the action spectrum of photoinhibition in vivo from wild type Arabidopsis thaliana L. and from the npq1-2 and npq4-1 mutants defective in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of excitations of the PSII antenna. The in vivo action spectrum was found to closely resemble the in vitro action spectra published for photoinhibition. We compared the action spectrum with absorbance spectra of model compounds of the oxygen-evolving complex and other potential photoreceptors of photoinhibition. The comparison suggests that both manganese and chlorophyll function as photoreceptors in photoinhibition. In accordance with the function of two types of photoreceptors in photoinhibition, NPQ was found to offer only partial protection against photoinhibition at visible wavelengths. The low protective efficiency of NPQ supports the conclusion that the chlorophyll antenna of PSII is not the only photoreceptor of photoinhibition. Comparison of the action spectrum of photoinhibition with the emission spectrum of sunlight shows that the ultraviolet part of sunlight is responsible for major part of photoinhibition under natural conditions.

Keywords: Manganese; non-photochemical quenching; photoinhibition; photoreceptor; photosystem II; ultraviolet.
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