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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on December 15, 2005
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pci240
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Plant and Cell Physiology 2005 © The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP); all rights reserved.
Received July 23, 2005
Accepted December 6, 2005

Regular Paper

Cytokinin Receptors Are Required for Normal Development of Auxin-Transporting Vascular Tissues in the Hypocotyl but Not in Adventitious Roots

Takeshi Kuroha 1, Chiharu Ueguchi 2, Hitoshi Sakakibara 3, and Shinobu Satoh 4 *

1 Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; Present address: RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
2 Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
3 RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
4 Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Shinobu Satoh, E-mail: satohshi{at}sakura.cc.tsukuba.ac.jp


  Abstract

Plants alter the architecture of their root systems to adapt to the environment by modulating post-embryonic (lateral and adventitious) root formation and growth. To better understand the genetic basis of this regulation, we screened ethyl-methane sulfonate-mutagenized lines of Arabidopsis thaliana for adventitious rooting mutants. One mutant showed retardation of the primary root growth, no production of lateral roots, and enhanced formation of adventitious roots. Mapping and genetic complementation revealed that this mutant named wooden leg-3 (wol-3) was an allele of ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE KINASE 4 (AHK4), a locus known to encode a cytokinin receptor. Although the vascular system of the primary root and hypocotyl in the wol-3 mutant was aborted, that of the adventitious roots was normally developed. In the hypocotyl of the wol-3 mutant, auxin signals accumulated around the aborted vascular system. The application of auxin to primary roots induced lateral root formation in the wol-3 mutant. Transport of radiolabeled auxin from the top of the hypocotyl to the primary root was inhibited in wol-3. Although only a single amino acid alteration had occurred in AHK4, the root morphology in the wol-3 mutant was quite similar to that in the ahk2 ahk3 ahk4 triple mutant, which is a loss-of-function mutant of the three cytokinin receptors. This implies that the functional disturbance of AHK4 affects the function of the other receptors. Our results suggest that cytokinin receptors are necessary for the formation of auxin-transporting vascular tissues in the hypocotyl, but not in adventitious roots.

Keywords: Adventitious root; Arabidopsis thaliana; Auxin; Cytokinin receptor; Lateral root.
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