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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on September 8, 2005
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pci199
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Plant and Cell Physiology 2005 © The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP); all rights reserved.
Received May 30, 2005
Accepted September 2, 2005

Regular Paper

The Role of Wall Ca2+ in the Regulation of Wall Extensibility during the Acid-Induced Extension of Soybean Hypocotyl Cell Walls

Naofumi Ezaki 1*, Nobuo Kido 1, Koji Takahashi 1, and Kiyoshi Katou 1

1 Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602 Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Naofumi Ezaki, E-mail: ezaky27{at}bio.nagoya-u.ac.jp


  Abstract

We examined the acid-facilitated yielding properties of cell walls of soybean hypocotyls and the effects of Ca2+ upon the properties by stress-strain analyses using glycerinated hollow cylinders (GHCs) from the elongating regions of the hypocotyls. Stress-extension rate curves of native GHCs showed characteristic changes with pH, all indicating the existence of yield threshold tension (y) as well as wall extensibility ({phi}), i.e., a downward shift of y and an increase in {phi} with wall acidification. The acid-induced downward shift of y was inhibited by boiling of GHCs. By contrast, a considerable increase in {phi} with acidification remained even after boiling. This indicates that {phi} consists of two components, i.e., heat-sensitive and heat-resistant, both being pH-sensitive. A Ca2+ chelator (Quin 2) dramatically increased {phi} at a neutral pH. Subsequent addition of Ca2+ or ruthenium red suppressed the chelator-induced increase in {phi}. These findings suggest that wall Ca2+ plays an important role in the regulation of wall extensibility during the acid-induced wall extension by reacting with carboxyl groups of wall pectin.

Keywords: Glycine max; wall Ca2+; wall extension; pectin; stress-strain properties.
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