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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on August 24, 2005
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pci186
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Plant and Cell Physiology 2005 © The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP); all rights reserved.
Received March 29, 2005
Accepted August 3, 2005

Regular Paper

Seasonal Changes in Canopy Photosynthesis and Respiration, and Partitioning of Photosynthate in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Grown under Free-Air CO2 Enrichment

Haruto Sasaki 1*, Takahiro Hara 2, Satoshi Ito 1, Shu Miura 3, Md. Mozammel Hoque 4, Mark Lieffering 5, Hang-Yong Kim 6, Masumi Okada 4, and Kazuhiko Kobayashi 1

1 Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 113-8652 Japan
2 National Agricultural Research Center for Kyushu Okinawa Region, 861-1192 Japan
3 Hokkaido Tenpoku Agricultural Experiment Station, 098-5738 Japan
4 National Agricultural Research Center for Tohoku Region, 020-0198 Japan
5 AgResearch Grasslands, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North, New Zealand
6 College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, 500-757 Korea

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Haruto Sasaki, E-mail: asa3ki{at}mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp


  Abstract

An increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) is generally expected to enhance photosynthesis and biomass. Rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) were grown in ambient CO2 (AMB) or free-air CO2-enrichment (FACE), in which the target [CO2] was 200 µmol mol-1 above AMB. 13CO2 was fed to the plants at different stages so we could examine the partitioning of photosynthates. Furthermore, canopy photosynthesis and respiration were measured at those stages. The ratio of 13C content in the whole plant to the amount of fixed 13C under FACE was similar to that under AMB at the vegetative stage. However, the ratio under FACE was greater than the ratio under AMB at the grain-filling stage. At the vegetative stage, plants grown under FACE had a larger biomass than those grown under AMB owing to enhancement of canopy photosynthesis by the increased [CO2]. On the other hand, at the grain-filling stage, CO2 enrichment promoted the partitioning of photosynthate to ears, and plants grown under FACE had a greater weight of ears. However, enhancement of ear weight by CO2 enrichment was not as great as that of biomass at the vegetative stage. Plants grown under FACE did not necessarily show higher canopy photosynthetic rates at the grain-filling stage. Therefore, we concluded that the ear weight did not increase as much as biomass at the vegetative stage owing to a loss of the advantage in CO2 gain during the grain-filling period.

Keywords: 13C; carbohydrate; FACE; grain filling; grain yield; translocation.
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