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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on July 30, 2005
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pci175
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Plant and Cell Physiology 2005 © The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP); all rights reserved.
Received March 19, 2005
Accepted July 20, 2005

Regular Paper

Functional Characterisation of Phytochrome Interacting Factor 3 for the Arabidopsis thaliana Circadian Clockwork

András Viczián 1, Stefan Kircher 2, Erzsébet Fejes 1, Andrew J. Millar 3, Eberhard Schäfer 2, László Kozma-Bognár 1*, and Ferenc Nagy 1

1 Plant Biology Institute, Biological Research Center, Szeged, Hungary H-6726
2 Biologie II/Institut für Botanik, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany D-79104
3 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom; Present address: Institute of Molecular Plant Science, Kings Buildings, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JH, United Kingdom

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
László Kozma-Bognár, E-mail: kozmab{at}nucleus.szbk.u-szeged.hu


  Abstract

Light, in a quality- and quantity-dependent fashion, induces nuclear import of the plant photoreceptors phytochromes and promotes interaction of these receptors with transcription factors including PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 3 (PIF3). PIF3 was shown to form in vitro a ternary complex with G-box element of the promoters of LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY) and CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) and the Pfr conformer of phytochromes. CCA1 and LHY together with TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1 (TOC1) constitute a transcriptional feed-back loop that is essential for a functional circadian clock in Arabidopsis. These findings led to the hypothesis that the PIF3 containing ternary complex regulates transcription of light-responsive genes and is involved in phototransduction to the central circadian clockwork. Here we report that (i) over-expression or lack of biologically functional PIF3 does not affect period length of rhythmic gene expression or red light induced resetting of the circadian clock and (ii) the transcription of PIF3 displays a low-amplitude circadian rhythm. We demonstrated previously that irradiation of etiolated seedlings induces rapid, phytochrome controlled degradation of PIF3. Here we show that nuclear localised PIF3 accumulates to relatively high levels by the end of the light phase in seedlings grown under diurnal conditions. Taken together, we show that (i) PIF3 does not play a significant role in controlling light input to and function of the circadian clockwork and (ii) a yet unknown mechanism limits phytochrome induced degradation of PIF3 at the end of the day under diurnal conditions.

Keywords: circadian clock; light; phototransduction; phytochrome; protein degradation.
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