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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on July 24, 2005
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pci168
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Plant and Cell Physiology 2005 © The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP); all rights reserved.
Received January 6, 2005
Accepted July 10, 2005

Regular Paper

The IRREGULAR TRICHOME BRANCH Loci Regulate Trichome Elongation in Arabidopsis

Xiaoguo Zhang 1, Paris H. Grey 1, Sujatha Krishnakumar 2, and David G. Oppenheimer 1*

1 Department of Botany, the University of Florida Genetics Institute, and the Plant Molecular & Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, 220 Bartram Hall, P.O. Box 118526, Gainesville, FL 32611-8526, USA
2 Department of Botany, the University of Florida Genetics Institute, and the Plant Molecular & Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, 220 Bartram Hall, P.O. Box 118526, Gainesville, FL 32611-8526, USA; Present address: DNA Variation Group, Stanford Genome Technology Center, 855 California Ave., Stanford, CA 94305-8307 USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
David G. Oppenheimer, E-mail: doppen{at}botany.ufl.edu


  Abstract

The proper control of cell expansion is vital to plant development. It is responsible for shaping individual cells, and along with cell division, it plays a lead role in shaping plant organs. Much of the underlying mechanisms by which plant cells expand anisotropically is not understood. We are taking a genetic approach to cell expansion by isolating mutants that affect the branching pattern of Arabidopsis trichomes. Here we report the identification of four new loci that control trichome morphogenesis. These loci were named the IRREGULAR TRICHOME BRANCH (ITB) loci because of the deleterious effects on branch position and length in the mutants. Our analysis of branch expansion in itb mutants shows that the ITB genes act as positive regulators of branch elongation, and that the branch position defects are caused by altered expansion of the trichome stalk. The itb mutations display synergistic effects in double mutant combinations with certain branch number mutations suggesting that the ITB genes also play key roles in branch initiation. These results demonstrate that the ITB genes are key regulators of anisotropic cell expansion in trichomes.

Keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana; cell shape; morphogenesis; trichome.
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