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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on July 9, 2005
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pci163
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Plant and Cell Physiology 2005 © The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP); all rights reserved.
Received May 31, 2005
Accepted July 5, 2005

Regular Paper

Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of Fe(III)-chelate Reductase Gene Family in Arabidopsis thaliana

Huilan Wu 1, Lihua Li 1, Juan Du 2, Youxi Yuan 2, Xudong Cheng 2, and Hong-Qing Ling 1*

1 State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
2 State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100039, China

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Hong-Qing Ling, E-mail: hgling{at}genetics.ac.cn


  Abstract

Iron-chelate reductase is required for iron acquisition from soil and for metabolism in plants. In the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana there are eight genes classified into the iron-chelate reductase gene family (AtFROs) based on sequence homology with AtFRO2 (a ferric-chelate reductase in Arabidopsis). They are localized on chromosome 1 (3 AtFROs) and chromosome 5 (5 AtFROs) of Arabidopsis and show high similarity of amino acid sequences to each other. An assay for ferric-chelate reductase activity revealed that AtFRO2, AtFRO3, AtFRO4, AtFRO5, AtFRO7 and AtFRO8 conferred significantly increased iron reduction activity compared to the control when expressed in yeast cells, indicating that the six AtFROs encode iron-chelate reductases functioning in iron homeostasis in Arabidopsis. AtFRO2 displayed the highest iron-reduction activity among the AtFROs investigated, further demonstrating that AtFRO2 is a major iron reductase gene in Arabidopsis. AtFRO2 and AtFRO3 were mainly expressed in roots of Arabidopsis, AtFRO5 and AtFRO6 in shoots and flowers, AtFRO7 in cotyledons and trichomes whereas the transcription of AtFRO8 was specific for leaf veins. Considering the tissue-specific expression profiles of AtFROs, we suggest that AtFRO2 and AtFRO3 are two Fe(III)-chelate reductases mainly functioning in iron acquisition and metabolism in Arabidopsis roots while AtFRO5, AtFRO6, AtFRO7 and AtFRO8 are required for iron homeostasis in different tissues of shoots.

Keywords: Arabidopsis; AtFROs; gene family; Fe(III)-chelate reductase; iron homeostasis.
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