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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on June 4, 2005
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pci146
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Plant and Cell Physiology 2005 © The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP); all rights reserved.
Received April 18, 2005
Accepted May 30, 2005

Regular Paper

Identification of An Allele of VAM3/SYP22 that Confers a Semi-Dwarf Phenotype in Arabidopsis thaliana

Ichiro Ohtomo 1, Haruko Ueda 2, Tomoo Shimada 2, Chiaki Nishiyama 2, Yasuko Komoto 2, Ikuko Hara-Nishimura 2, and Taku Takahashi 1*

1 Division of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, N10 W8, Sapporo, 060-0810 Japan
2 Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Taku Takahashi, E-mail: perfect{at}cc.okayama-u.ac.jp


  Abstract

The short stem and midrib (ssm) mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana show both semi-dwarf and wavy leaf phenotypes due to defects in the elongation of the stem internodes and leaves. Moreover, these abnormalities cannot be recovered by exogenous phytohormones. ssm was originally identified as a single recessive mutant of the ecotype Columbia (Col-0) but genetic crossing experiments have revealed that this mutant phenotype is restored by another gene that is functional in the ecotype Landsberg erecta (Ler) and not in Col-0. Map-based cloning of the gene that is defective in ssm mutants has uncovered a small deletion in the 6th intron of a gene encoding a syntaxin, VAM3/SYP22, which has been implicated in vesicle transport to the vacuole. This mutation appears to cause a peptide insertion in the deduced VAM3/SYP22 polypeptide sequence due to defective splicing of the shortened 6th intron. Significantly, when compared to the wild-type Ler genome, the wild-type Col-0 genome has a single base-pair deletion causing a frame shift mutation in SYP23, a gene with the highest known homology to VAM3/SYP22. These findings suggest that VAM3/SYP22 and SYP23 have overlapping functions and that the vesicle transport mediated by these syntaxins is important for shoot morphogenesis.

Keywords: Arabidopsis; Cell elongation; Dwarf; Syntaxin; VAM3.
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