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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access first published online on April 8, 2005
This version published online on May 18, 2005
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pci100
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Plant and Cell Physiology 2005 © The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP); all rights reserved.
Received September 8, 2004
Accepted March 29, 2005

Regular Paper

Circadian G2-Arrest as Related to Circadian Gating of Cell Population Growth in Euglena

Aoen Bolige 1, Shin-ya Hagiwara 1, Yulan Zhang 1, and Ken Goto 1*

1 Laboratory of Biological Rhythms, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan 080-8555

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Ken Goto, E-mail: kgotoken{at}obihiro.ac.jp


  Abstract

Cell population growth is gated to occur in particular circadian phases, which is known over 4 decades in various organisms including cyanobacteria and human. However, little is known as to which cell cycle phases from G1 to M is primarily regulated by the circadian rhythm as well as when in a circadian cycle this primary regulation takes place. We report here that in the flagellate alga Euglena gracilis grown photoautotrophically the circadian rhythm primarily prevented developmentally matured G2 cells from progressing to mitosis, such that cell population growth occurred only during subjective night. In addition, we found that the circadian rhythm also arrests G1-to-S and S-to-G2 transitions at particular circadian phases.

Keywords: Cell cycle; circadian rhythms; G2 arrest; mitosis; Euglena gracilis.
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