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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on February 2, 2005
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pci038
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Plant and Cell Physiology 2005 © The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP); all rights reserved.
Received July 1, 2004
Accepted December 5, 2004

Regular Paper

The Roles of Phytochromes in Elongation and Gravitropism of Roots

Melanie J. Correll 1 and John Z. Kiss 1*

1 Department of Botany, Miami University, Oxford OH, 45056, U.S.A

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
John Z. Kiss, E-mail: kissjz{at}muohio.edu


  Abstract

Gravitropic orientation and the elongation of etiolated hypocotyls are both regulated by red light through the phytochrome family of photoreceptors. The importance of phytochromes A and B (phyA and phyB) in these red light responses has been established through studies using phy mutants. To identify the roles that phytochromes play in gravitropism and elongation of roots, we studied the effects of red light on root elongation and then compared the gravitropic curvature from roots of phytochrome mutants of Arabidopsis (phyA, phyB, phyD, and phyAB) with wild type. We found that red light inhibits root elongation approximately 35% in etiolated seedlings and that this response is controlled phytochromes. Roots from dark- and light-grown double mutants (phyAB) and light-grown phyB seedlings have reduced elongation rates compared to wild type. In addition, roots from these seedlings (dark/light-grown phyAB and light-grown phyB) have reduced rates of gravitropic curvature compared to wild type. We suggest that phytochromes are involved in regulating gravitropism in roots through the elongation process. These results demonstrate roles for phytochromes in regulating both the elongation and gravitropic curvature of roots.

Keywords: Elongation rate; gravitropic curvature; red light; phytochromes; Arabidopsis thaliana.
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