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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on January 19, 2005
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pci008
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Plant and Cell Physiology 2005 © The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP); all rights researved.
Received August 21, 2004
Accepted October 27, 2004

Regular Paper

Cell-Cycle Dependence of Elicitor-Induced Signal Transduction in Tobacco BY-2 Cells

Yasuhiro Kadota 1, Takashi Watanabe 1, Shinsuke Fujii 1, Mamoru Maeda 1, Ryoko Ohno 1, Katsumi Higashi 2, Toshio Sano 3, Shoshi Muto 4, Seiichiro Hasezawa 3, and Kazuyuki Kuchitsu 5*

1 Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
2 Genome & Drug Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
3 Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
4 Bioscience Center and Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8610, Japan
5 Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Genome & Drug Research Center, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Kazuyuki Kuchitsu, E-mail: kuchitsu{at}rs.noda.tus.ac.jp


  Abstract

The molecular links between the cell cycle and defense responses in plants are largely unknown. Using synchronized tobacco BY-2 cells, we analyzed the cell-cycle dependence of elicitor-induced defense responses. In synchronized cultured apoaequorin-expressing cells, cytosolic free Ca2+ rise induced by a proteinaceous elicitor, cryptogein, was greatly suppressed during the G2 and M phases in comparison with G1 or S phases. Treatment with cryptogein during the G1 or S phases also induced biphasic (rapid/transient and slow/prolonged) responses in activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In contrast, elicitor treatment during the G2 or M phases induced only rapid and transient phase of MAPKs activation and ROS production. Their slow and prolonged phases as well as expression of defense-related genes, cell cycle arrest and cell death were induced only after the cell cycle progressed to the G1 phase; removal of the elicitor before the start of the G1 phase inhibited these responses. These results suggest that although cryptogein recognition occurred at all phases of cell cycle, the recognition during the S or G1 phases, but not at the G2 or M phases, induces the prolonged activation of MAPKs and the prolonged production of ROS, followed by cell cycle arrest, accumulation of defense-related gene transcripts and cell death. Elicitor signal transduction depends on the cell cycle and is differently regulated at each phase.

Keywords: cell cycle arrest; elicitor; synchronized culture; tobacco BY-2 cells; cell death.
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