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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access published online on January 19, 2005
Plant and Cell Physiology, doi:10.1093/pcp/pci003
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Plant and Cell Physiology 2005 © The Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists (JSPP); all rights researved.
Received September 10, 2004
Accepted October 23, 2004

Regular Paper

Spectroscopic Analysis of the Dark Relaxation Process of a Photocycle in a Sensor of Blue-Light Using FAD (BLUF) Protein Slr1694 of Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803

Koji Hasegawa 1, Shinji Masuda 1, and Taka-aki Ono 1*

1 Laboratory for Photo-Biology (I), RIKEN Photodynamics Research Center, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 519-1399 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai 980-0845, Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Taka-aki Ono, E-mail: takaaki{at} riken.jp


  Abstract

Slr1694 is a BLUF (sensor of blue-light using flavin adenine dinucleotide) protein and a putative photoreceptor in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Illumination of Slr1694 induced a signaling light-state concurrent with a red-shift in the UV-visible absorption of flavin, and formation of the bands from flavin and apo-protein in the light-minus-dark Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) difference spectrum. Replacement of tyrosine 8 with phenylalanine abolished these changes. The light-state relaxed to the ground dark state, during which the FTIR bands decayed monophasically. These bands were classifiable into three groups according to their decay rates. The C4=O stretching bands of a flavin isoalloxazine ring had the highest decay rate, which corresponded to that of the absorption red-shift. The result indicated that the hydrogen bonding at C4=O is responsible for the UV-visible red-shift, in consistent with the results of density functional calculation. All FTIR bands and the red-shift decayed at the same slower rate in deuterated Slr1694. These results indicated that the dark relaxation from the light-state is limited by the proton transfer. In contrast, a constrained light-state formed under dehydrated conditions decayed much slower with no deuteration effects. A photocycle mechanism involving the proton transfer was proposed.

Keywords: photoreceptor; flavin; FTIR; signal transduction; blue light; isoalloxazine ring.
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