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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on March 24, 2009
Plant and Cell Physiology 2009 50(5):956-969; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcp047
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Plant Cells Without Detectable Plastids are Generated in the crumpled leaf Mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana

Yuling Chen1,2, Tomoya Asano3, Makoto T. Fujiwara4, Shigeo Yoshida5, Yasunori Machida1 and Yasushi Yoshioka1,*

1Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8602 Japan
2College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050016, PR China
3Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, 920-0934, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
4Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902 Japan
5Plant Science Center, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045 Japan

*Corresponding author: E-mail, yoshioka{at}bio.nagoya-u.ac.jp; Fax, +81-52-789-2966.


  Abstract

Plastids are maintained in cells by proliferating prior to cell division and being partitioned to each daughter cell during cell division. It is unclear, however, whether cells without plastids are generated when plastid division is suppressed. The crumpled leaf (crl) mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana is a plastid division mutant that displays severe abnormalities in plastid division and plant development. We show that the crl mutant contains cells lacking detectable plastids; this situation probably results from an unequal partitioning of plastids to each daughter cell. Our results suggest that crl has a partial defect in plastid expansion, which is suggested to be important in the partitioning of plastids to daughter cells when plastid division is suppressed. The absence of cells without detectable plastids in the accumulation and replication of chloroplasts 6 (arc6) mutant, another plastid division mutant of A. thaliana having no significant defects in plant morphology, suggests that the generation of cells without detectable plastids is one of the causes of the developmental abnormalities seen in crl plants. We also demonstrate that plastids with trace or undetectable amounts of chlorophyll are generated from enlarged plastids by a non-binary fission mode of plastid replication in both crl and arc6.

Keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana - Plastid division - Plastid partition

Abbreviations: CaMV, cauliflower mosaic virus; CFP, cyan fluorescent protein; DAPI, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; MS, Murashige and Skoog; NOS, nopaline synthase; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; SAM, shoot apical meristem; RAM, root apical meristem; YFP, yellow fluorescent protein.

(Received February 7, 2009; Accepted March 21, 2009)
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