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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on January 15, 2009
Plant and Cell Physiology 2009 50(3):480-488; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcp007
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Constitutive and Inducible ER Bodies of Arabidopsis thaliana Accumulate Distinct β-Glucosidases

Kimi Ogasawara1,2, Kenji Yamada1,2, John T. Christeller1,3, Maki Kondo2, Noriyuki Hatsugai4,5, Ikuko Hara-Nishimura4 and Mikio Nishimura1,2,*

1Department of Cell Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585 Japan
2School of Life Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan
3Bioprotection Group, HortResearch, Private Bag 11030, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
4Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto. 606-8502 Japan
5PREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012 Japan

*Corresponding author: E-mail, mikosome{at}nibb.ac.jp; Fax, +81-564-55-7505.


  Abstract

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) body is an ER-related organelle that accumulates high levels of PYK10, a β-glucosidase with an ER retention signal. Constitutive ER bodies are present in the epidermal cells of cotyledons, hypocotyls and roots of young Arabidopsis seedlings, but absent in rosette leaves. When leaves are wounded, ER bodies are induced around the wounding site of the leaves (inducible ER bodies). To clarify the functional differences between these two ER bodies, we compared constitutive ER bodies with inducible ER bodies in wounded cotyledons of Arabidopsis seedlings. We found that the number of ER bodies increased both in cotyledons wounded directly (locally wounded cotyledons) and in unwounded cotyledons exposed to the systemic wound response (systemically wounded cotyledons). Quantitative reverse transcription–PCR and immunoblot analyses revealed that BGLU18, encoding another β-glucosidase with an ER retention signal, was induced at the site of wounding, whereas PYK10 was not. Immunocytochemical analysis showed that BGLU18 protein was exclusively localized in ER bodies formed directly at the wounding site on cotyledons. ER bodies were not induced in locally and systemically wounded cotyledons of the bglu18 knock-out mutant. These results indicate that constitutive and inducible ER bodies accumulate different sets of β -glucosidases and may have distinct functions in defense responses.

Keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana - BGLU18 - ER body - β -Glucosidase - PYK10 - Wounding.

Abbreviations: BGLU, β-glucosidase; BHLH, basic helx–loop–helix; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; GFP, green fluorescent protein; GFPh, transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana expressing GFP fused to an ER retention signal; JA, jasmonic acid; MeJA, methyl jasmonate; PBP1, PYK10-binding protein 1; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; qRT–PCR, quantitative reverse transcription–PCR.

(Received November 7, 2008; Accepted January 7, 2009)
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