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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on December 21, 2008
Plant and Cell Physiology 2009 50(2):216-229; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcn190
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Role of the Aquaporin PIP1 Subfamily in the Chilling Tolerance of Rice

Tadashi Matsumoto1, Hong-Li Lian2, Wei-Ai Su2, Daisuke Tanaka1, Cheng wei Liu1, Ikuko Iwasaki1 and Yoshichika Kitagawa1,*

1Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Shimoshinjo, Akita, 010-0195 Japan
2Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China

*Corresponding author: E-mail, kitagawa{at}akita-pu.ac.jp; Fax, 018-872-1676.


  Abstract

Although an association between chilling tolerance and aquaporins has been reported, the exact mechanisms involved in this relationship remain unclear. We compared the expression profiles of aquaporin genes between a chilling-tolerant and a low temperature-sensitive rice variety using real-time PCR and identified seven genes that closely correlated with chilling tolerance. Chemical treatment experiments, by which rice plants were induced to lose their chilling tolerance, implicated the PIP1 (plasma membrane intrinsic protein 1) subfamily member genes in chilling tolerance. Of these members, changes in expression of the OsPIP1;3 gene suggested this to be the most closely related to chilling tolerance. Although OsPIP1;3 showed a much lower water permeability than members of the OsPIP2 family, OsPIP1;3 enhanced the water permeability of OsPIP2;2 and OsPIP2;4 when co-expressed with either of these proteins in oocytes. Transgenic rice plants (OE1) overexpressing OsPIP1;3 showed an enhanced level of chilling tolerance and the ability to maintain high OsPIP1;3 expression levels under low temperature treatment, similar to that of chilling-tolerant rice plants. We assume that OsPIP1;3, constitutively overexpressed in the leaf and root of transgenic OE1 plants, interacts with members of the OsPIP2 subfamily, thereby improving the plants’ water balance under low temperatures and resulting in the observed chilling tolerance of the plants.

Keywords: Aquaporin - Caffeine - Chilling tolerance - OsPIP1 - Rice - Transgenic

Abbreviations: EL, electrolyte leakage; MBS, modified Barth's saline; ORF, open reading frame; Pf, osmotic water permeability; NIP, Nod26-like intrinsic protein; PIP, plasma membrane intrinsic protein; RT–PCR, reverse transcription–PCR; SIP, small and basic intrinsic protein; TBS, Tris-buffered saline; TIP, tonoplast intrinsic protein

(Received October 21, 2008; Accepted November 27, 2008)
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