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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on July 1, 2008
Plant and Cell Physiology 2008 49(8):1176-1184; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcn093
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

A Transposon, Ping, is Integrated into Intron 4 of the DROOPING LEAF Gene of Rice, Weakly Reducing its Expression and Causing a Mild Drooping Leaf Phenotype

Yoshihiro Ohmori1, Mafumi Abiko1, Akira Horibata2 and Hiro-Yuki Hirano1,*

1Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
2School of Biology-oriented Science and Technology, Kinki University, Kinokawa, Wakayama, 649-6493 Japan

*Corresponding author: E-mail, hyhirano{at}biol.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp; Fax, +81-3-5841-4056.


  Abstract

The YABBY gene DROOPING LEAF (DL) regulates midrib formation in the leaves and carpel specification in the flowers of rice (Oryza sativa L). We found a new dl allele (dl-5) that caused a mild phenotype in the descendants of a mutable line, IM294. In plants homozygous for this allele, midrib structures were formed but their sizes were reduced. Molecular analysis revealed that a transposon, Ping, was inserted in the fourth intron of DL. Together with mPing and Pong, Ping is a member of a transposon family that was first identified as a group of active transposable elements in rice. Our finding of the Ping insertion in the DL gene is a first indication that Ping is active in planta, and that it can be transposed and integrated in a new locus. Ping seems to be still active because it was excised from intron 4 of DL at a relatively high frequency in rice calli. Real-time PCR analysis and in situ hybridization indicated that DL transcript levels were reduced in dl-5 without alterations in the spatial expression pattern of the DL gene. The reduction of DL expression may be due to inefficient splicing of the large intron caused by Ping insertion. By comparing the expression levels of DL and leaf phenotypes in the dl mutants with different severities, we confirmed our previous hypothesis that DL promotes cell proliferation in the central region of leaf primordia, and that this cell proliferation is critical for midrib formation in the mature leaves.

Keywords: DROOPING LEAF (DL) - Leaf Development - Midrib - Oryza sativa (rice) - Ping Transposon - YABBY gene

Abbreviations: DL, DROOPING LEAF; TE, transposable element.

(Received April 28, 2008; Accepted June 15, 2008)
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