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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on August 20, 2008
Plant and Cell Physiology 2008 49(10):1536-1546; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcn121
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Rice Peptide Deformylase PDF1B is Crucial for Development of Chloroplasts

Sunok Moon1,2, Carmela Giglione3, Dong-Yeon Lee1, Suyoung An1,2, Dong-Hoon Jeong1, Thierry Meinnel3 and Gynheung An1,2,*

1 National Research Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
2 Functional Genomic Center, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
3 Institut des Sciences du Végétal, UPR2355-CNRS Bt23, 1 avenue de la Terrasse Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, F-91198 Gif/Yvette cedex, France

*Corresponding author: E-mail, genean{at}postech.ac.kr; Fax, +82-4-279-0659.


  Abstract

Because protein synthesis begins with N-formylmethionine in plant endosymbiotic organelles, removal of the formyl group by peptide deformylase (PDF) is essential to allowing the excision of the first methionine. Rice contains three copies (OsPDF1A, OsPDF1B and OsPDF1B2) of the PDF genes. Unlike OsPDF1A and OsPDF1B, OsPDF1B2 is apparently non-functional, with several deleterious substitutions and deletions. OsPDF1A is more strongly expressed in the roots, while OsPDF1B is expressed at higher levels in mature leaves. Transient expression of PDF–green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion proteins in the protoplasts demonstrates that, unlike OsPDF1A, OsPDF1B is localized in both the chloroplasts and the mitochondria. We used T-DNA insertional alleles to elucidate functional roles associated with OsPDF1B. Homozygous plants of pdf1b/pdf1b exhibited the phenotypes of chlorina and growth retardation. Histochemical analysis showed that the length of their mesophyll cells was increased 4- to 5-fold, resulting in a reduction in the total number of cells. Transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed that chloroplasts were severely damaged and mitochondria appeared to be mildly altered in the pdf1b mutants. Expression of genes encoded in the chloroplasts and mitochondria was altered in the mutants. Based on these results, we conclude that OsPDF1B is essential for the development of chloroplast and perhaps mitochondria.

Keywords: Chloroplast - Chlorina - Growth retardation - Mitochondria - Peptide deformylation - Rice

Abbreviations: CaMV, cauliflower mosaic virus; FAA, formalin/acetic acid/alcohol; GFP, green fluorescent protein; ORF, open reading frame; PDF, peptide deformylase; PIPES, piperazine-N,N'-bis (2-ethanesulfonic acid); PQ, plastoquinone; RFP, red fluorescent protein; RT–PCR, reverse transcription–PCR; TEM, transmission electron microscopy; WT, wild type.

(Received July 2, 2008; Accepted August 15, 2008)
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