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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on August 23, 2007
Plant and Cell Physiology 2007 48(9):1263-1274; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcm107
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Rapid Paper

Disease Resistance against Magnaporthe grisea is Enhanced in Transgenic Rice with Suppression of {omega}-3 Fatty Acid Desaturases

Asanori Yara1, Takashi Yaeno1, Morifumi Hasegawa2, Hideharu Seto3, Jean-Luc Montillet4, Kensuke Kusumi1, Shigemi Seo5 and Koh Iba1,*

1Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Fukuoka, 812-8581 Japan
2College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University. 3-21-1 Chuo, Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393 Japan
3RIKEN, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
4CEA, Cadarache, DSV-DEVM, Laboratoire des Échanges Membranaires et Signalisation, 13108 Saint-Paul-Lez Durance Cedex, France
5Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS), Kannon-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602 Japan

*Corresponding author: E-mail, koibascb{at}mbox.nc.kyushu-u.ac.jp; Fax, +81-92-642-2621.


  Abstract

Linolenic acid (18:3) is the most abundant fatty acid in plant membrane lipids and is a source for various oxidized metabolites, called oxylipins. 18:3 and oxylipins play important roles in the induction of defense responses to pathogen infection and wound stress in Arabidopsis. However, in rice, endogenous roles for 18:3 and oxylipins in disease resistance have not been confirmed. We generated 18:3-deficient transgenic rice plants (F78Ri) with co-suppression of two {omega}-3 fatty acid desaturases, OsFAD7 and OsFAD8. that synthesize 18:3. The F78Ri plants showed enhanced resistance to the phytopathogenic fungus Magnaporthe grisea. A typical 18:3-derived oxylipin, jasmonic acid (JA), acts as a signaling molecule in defense responses to fungal infection in Arabidopsis. However, in F78Ri plants, the expression of JA-responsive pathogenesis-related genes, PBZ1 and PR1b, was induced after inoculation with M. grisea, although the JA-mediated wound response was suppressed. Furthermore, the application of JA methyl ester had no significant effect on the enhanced resistance in F78Ri plants. Taken together, our results indicate that, although suppression of fatty acid desaturases involves the concerted action of varied oxylipins via diverse metabolic pathways, 18:3 or 18:3-derived oxylipins, except for JA, may contribute to signaling on defense responses of rice to M. grisea infection.

Keywords: Fatty acid desaturase — Jasmonic acid — Linolenic acid — Magnaporthe grisea — Oryza sativa — Oxylipin

Abbreviations: 18:3, linolenic acid; DGDG, digalactosyldiacylglycerol; DMSO, dimethylsulfoxide; FAD, fatty acid desaturase; JA, jasmonic acid; MeJA, methyl jasmonate; MGDG, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PG, phosphatidylglycerol; PI, phosphatidylinositol; PR, pathogenesis-related; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; RNAi, RNA interference; SQDG, sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol; TA, trienoic fatty acid

(Received July 6, 2007; Accepted August 7, 2007)
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