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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on February 8, 2007
Plant and Cell Physiology 2007 48(3):511-522; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcm020
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Plays a Pivotal Role in Nitric Oxide-Involved Defense Against Oxidative Stress Under Salt Stress in Red Kidney Bean Roots

Yinggao Liu, Ruru Wu, Qi Wan, Gengqiang Xie and Yurong Bi*

Key Laboratory of Arid and Grassland Agroecology (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China

*Corresponding author: E-mail, yrbi{at}lzu.edu.cnor biyurong{at}hotmail.com; Fax, +86-931-8912561.


  Abstract

The pivotal role of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH)-mediated nitric oxide (NO) production in the tolerance to oxidative stress induced by 100 mM NaCl in red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) roots was investigated. The results show that the G-6-PDH activity was enhanced rapidly in the presence of NaCl and reached a maximum at 100 mM. Western blot analysis indicated that the increase of G-6-PDH activity in the red kidney bean roots under 100 mM NaCl was mainly due to the increased content of the G-6-PDH protein. NO production and nitrate reductase (NR) activity were also induced by 100 mM NaCl. The NO production was reduced by NaN3 (an NR inhibitor), but not affected by N{omega}-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) (an NOS inhibitor). Application of 2.5 mM Na3PO4, an inhibitor of G-6-PDH, blocked the increase of G-6-PDH and NR activity, as well as NO production in red kidney bean roots under 100 mM NaCl. The activities of antioxidant enzymes in red kidney bean roots increased in the presence of 100 mM NaCl or sodium nitroprusside (SNP), an NO donor. The increased activities of all antioxidant enzymes tested at 100 mM NaCl were completely inhibited by 2.5 mM Na3PO4. Based on these results, we conclude that G-6-PDH plays a pivotal role in NR-dependent NO production, and in establishing tolerance of red kidney bean roots to salt stress.

Keywords: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase - Nitrate reductase - Nitric oxide - Red kidney bean - Salt stress

Abbreviations: APX, ascorbate peroxidase; CAT, catalase; cPTIO, 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramentylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide; DPI, diphenylene iodonium; DTT, dithiothreitol; G-6-PDH, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; H2O2, hydrogen peroxide; L-NNA, N{omega}-nitro- L-arginine; MP, membrane permeability; NO, nitric oxide; NOS, nitric oxide synthase; NR, nitrate reductase; Formula , superoxide anion; OPPP, oxidative pentose phosphate pathway; POD, peroxidase; 6PGD, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SNP, sodium nitroprusside; SOD, superoxide dismutase; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances; TCA, trichloroacetic acid.

(Received December 14, 2006; Accepted February 3, 2007)
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