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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on January 18, 2007
Plant and Cell Physiology 2007 48(3):405-413; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcm009
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Glycosyl Hydrolases of Cell Wall are Induced by Sugar Starvation in Arabidopsis

Eun-Jeong Lee1, Yasuhiro Matsumura1, Kouichi Soga2, Takayuki Hoson2 and Nozomu Koizumi1,*

1Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Biological Science, Nara, 630-0192 Japan
2Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585 Japan

*Corresponding author: E-mail, nkoizumi{at}gtc.naist.jp; Fax, +81-743-72-5659.


  Abstract

Three Arabidopsis genes encoding a putative ß-galactosidase (At5g56870), ß-xylosidase (At5g49360) and ß-glucosidase (At3g60140) are induced by sugar starvation. The deduced proteins belong to the glycosyl hydrolase families 35, 3 and 1, respectively. They are predicted to be secretory proteins that play roles in modification of cell wall polysaccharides based on amino acid similarity. The ß-galactosidase encoded by At5g56870 was identified as a secretory protein in culture medium of suspension cells by mass spectrometry analysis. This protein was specifically detected under sugar-starved conditions with a specific antibody. Induction of these genes was repressed in suspension cells grown with galactose, xylose and glucose, as well as with sucrose. In planta, expression of the genes and protein accumulation were detected when photosynthesis was inhibited. Glycosyl hydrolase activity against galactan also increased during sugar starvation. The amount of monosaccharide in pectin and hemicellulose in detached leaves decreased in response to sugar starvation. These findings suggest that the cell wall may function as a storage reserve of carbon in addition to providing physical support for the plant body.

Keywords: Arabidopsis - Cell wall - Glycosyl hydrolases - Sugar starvation

Abbreviations: GUS, ß-glucuronidase; HC, hemicellulose.

(Received December 26, 2006; Accepted January 15, 2007)
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