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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on October 11, 2007
Plant and Cell Physiology 2007 48(11):1517-1523; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcm134
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Rapid Paper

Digalactosyldiacylglycerol is Required for Better Photosynthetic Growth of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 Under Phosphate Limitation

Koichiro Awai1,2,*, Hideo Watanabe1, Christoph Benning2 and Ikuo Nishida1

1Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, 338-8570 Japan
2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA

*Corresponding author: E-mail, awai{at}molbiol.saitama-u.ac.jp; Fax, +81-48-858-3384.


  Abstract

Digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) is a typical membrane lipid of oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. Although DGDG synthase genes have been isolated from plants, no homologous gene has been annotated in the genomes of cyanobacteria and the unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae. Here we used a comparative genomics approach and identified a non-plant-type DGDG synthase gene (designated dgdA) in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. The enzyme produced DGDG in Escherichia coli when co-expressed with a cucumber monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase. A {Delta}dgdA knock-out mutant showed no obvious phenotype other than loss of DGDG when grown in a BG11 medium, indicating that DGDG is dispensable under optimal conditions. However, the mutant showed reduced growth under phosphate-limited conditions, suggesting that DGDG may be required under phosphate-limited conditions, such as those in natural niches of cyanobacteria.

Keywords: Comparative genomics - Digalactosyldiacylglycerol - Galactolipid - Glycosyltransferase - Phosphate limitation - Thylakoid membrane

Abbreviations: DGDG, digalactosyldiacylglycerol; MGDG, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol; ORF, open reading frame; PG, phosphatidylglycerol; SQDG, sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol; TLC, thin-layer chromatography.

(Received September 4, 2007; Accepted October 3, 2007)
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