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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on January 17, 2006
Plant and Cell Physiology 2006 47(3):401-409; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcj007
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Adaptative Response of Vitis Root to Anoxia

Stefano Mancuso1,* and Anna Maria Marras2

1 Laboratorio Internazionale di Neurobiologia Vegetale, Dipartimento di Ortoflorofrutticoltura, Polo Scientifico, Università di Firenze, Viale delle Idee 30, 50019 Sesto F.no (FI), Italy
2 Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Polo Scientifico, Università di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto F.no (FI), Italy

* Corresponding author: E-mail, stefano.mancuso{at}unifi.it; Fax, +39 055 4574017.

The effect of anoxia on the energy economy of root cells was studied by measuring heat production, ethanol and ATP production, K+ fluxes and electrical activity in two Vitis species, V. riparia and V. rupestris, that differ in their tolerance to anoxia. Anoxia triggered a marked decrease of metabolic activity (measured by microcalorimetry) and of ATP levels in both species. In V. riparia after the first 2 h of anoxia, the decrease in the rate of heat production was not associated with a further significant decrease in ATP content, whereas in V. rupestris the ATP level continued to decrease until very low values were reached. The concomitant increase in the rate of ethanol production did not compensate for the decreased aerobic ATP supply. In V. rupestris, anoxia typically led to energy deficit and ATP imbalance, together with the subsequent disruption of ion homeostasis and cell death. In V. riparia, the strong decrease in K+ membrane permeability together with the fast down-regulation of the electrical signals allowed the cells to avoid severe ion imbalances during prolonged anoxic episodes.

(Received November 25, 2005; Accepted January 4, 2006)
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