Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on February 2, 2005
Plant and Cell Physiology 2005 46(3):425-437; doi:10.1093/pcp/pci040
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Fruit Carbohydrate Metabolism in an Introgression Line of Tomato with Increased Fruit Soluble Solids
1 Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RB, U.K.
2 Department Willmitzer, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Golm, Germany
3 Department Pauly, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Golm, Germany
4 Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U.K.
6 Corresponding author: E-mail, lee.sweetlove{at}plants.ox.ac.uk; Fax, +44-1865-275074.
A tomato line (IL9-2-5) of the cultivated species, Lycopersicon esculentum, carrying a 9 cM introgression from the wild species, Lycopersicon pennelli, produces fruit with high soluble solids content (Brix), an important determinant of fruit quality for processing. Two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) relating to fruit soluble solids content have been identified within the introgressed segment. One of these QTLs (PW-9-2-5) is silent under the growth conditions used in this study, while a second (Brix-9-2-5) has been shown to encode a fruit apoplastic invertase (Lin5) with altered kinetic properties. In this study, we have undertaken a detailed biochemical analysis of the introgression line to attempt to gain an understanding of the metabolic changes associated with increased fruit soluble solids. Increased Brix in ripe fruit was shown to be the result of increased sucrose and glucose, with a more minor contribution from aspartate and alanine. The introgression leads to a pronounced increase in apoplastic invertase activity in the columella tissue that extends throughout fruit development. Furthermore, columella tissue from IL9-2-5 fruit has a greater capacity to take up exogenously supplied sucrose, an observation that is consistent with the kinetic properties of the introgressed Lin5 allele. Apart from the increase in mature fruit sugar and increases in some amino acids, metabolite profiling revealed few other metabolic perturbations in fruit from IL9-2-5. The only other major change was a dramatic increase in starch accumulation at earlier stages of fruit metabolism. This occurred without any increase in the activity of the enzymes of sucrose metabolism or starch synthesis and may therefore be driven by increased availability of sucrose. We conclude that the major factor that leads to increased fruit sugar in IL9-2-5 is an increase in the capacity to take up sucrose unloaded from the phloem.
5 Present address: GM Science and Regulation Unit, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, 3/H10 Ashdown House, 123 Victoria Street, London SW1E 6DE, U.K.
Received August 13, 2004; Accepted December 18, 2004
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