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Plant and Cell Physiology, 2003, Vol. 44, No. 6 582-587
© 2003 Oxford University Press

Analysis of Sugars in Squash Xylem Sap

Hiroaki Iwai1, Masako Usui1, Haruko Hoshino1, Hiroshi Kamada1, Toshiro Matsunaga3, Koichi Kakegawa2, Tadashi Ishii2 and Shinobu Satoh1,4

1 Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572 Japan
2 Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Ibaraki, 305-8687 Japan
3 National Agricultural Research Center for Kyushu Okinawa Region, Nishigoshi, Kumamoto, 861-1192 Japan

Xylem sap contains organic and inorganic compounds that might be involved in root-to-shoot communication. To clarify the physiological functions of sugars in xylem sap, we characterized the sugar compounds of the xylem sap. The 80% ethanol-soluble fraction of xylem sap contained mainly myo-inositol and oligosaccharides. The 80% ethanol precipitate was solubilized with cyclohexanediamine tetraacetate and fractionated using anion exchange chromatography. The non-bound fraction from the anion-exchange column reacted with Yariv reagent and was rich in arabinogalactan, indicating the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGP). The bound fraction eluted with 50 mM ammonium formate buffer and separated using size exclusion chromatography producing the pectins rhamnogaracturonan (RG)-I and RG-II with apparent molecular masses of 15,000 and 11,000, respectively. These results indicate that the AGP, RG-I, borate cross-linked RG-II dimer and oligosaccharides produced by root tissues are transported to above-ground organs via xylem sap.

4 Corresponding author: E-mail, satohshi{at}sakura.cc.tsukuba.ac.jp; Fax, +81-29-853-4579.


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