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Plant and Cell Physiology, 2000, Vol. 41, No. 12 1365-1372
© 2000 Oxford University Press

Abscission of Azolla Branches Induced by Ethylene and Sodium Azide

Eiji Uheda ,1,3 and Sumio Nakamura2

1 Research Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Osaka Prefecture, Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka, 593 Japan 2 Biological Laboratory, Kanagawa Dental College, Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Japan

Treatment with ethylene accelerated the abscission of branches of Azolla filiculoides plants. An Azolla plantlet treated with ethylene at 10 µl liter–1 divided into 4–5 fragments after a lag period of 6–8 h. Ethylene-induced abscission was effectively inhibited by cycloheximide and was associated with an increase in the activities of cellulase and polygalacturonase. At the fracture surface abscised after treatment with ethylene, dissolution of the primary walls of the abscission zone cells was apparent. However, the middle lamella between abscission zone cells was still present. Immunoelectron microscopy using anti-unesterified pectin (JIM5) and anti-methylesterified pectin (JIM7) monoclonal antibodies revealed the presence of both JIM5 and JIM7 epitopes in the wall between abscission zone cells of branches before abscission occurred. In the middle lamella remaining after ethylene-induced abscission, only JIM7 epitopes were observed. The features of ethylene-induced abscission described herein were different from those of the rapid abscission induced by sodium azide, which implies that they are mediated by different mechanisms. The possible mechanisms are discussed.

3 Corresponding author: E-mail, uheda@riast.osakafu-u.ac.jp; Fax: +81-722-52-1163.


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