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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on June 5, 2009
Plant and Cell Physiology 2009 50(7):1215-1231; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcp078
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved.
The online version of this article has been published under an open access model. Users are entitled to use, reproduce, disseminate, or display the open access version of this article for non-commercial purposes provided that: the original authorship is properly and fully attributed; the Journal and the Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists are attributed as the original place of publication with the correct citation details given; if an article is subsequently reproduced or disseminated not in its entirety but only in part or as a derivative work this must be clearly indicated. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

This article appears in the following Plant and Cell Physiology issue: Special Issue Articles: Omics and Bioinformatics [View the issue table of contents]

Special Issue - Mini Review

Phenome Analysis in Plant Species Using Loss-of-Function and Gain-of-Function Mutants

Takashi Kuromori1,4, Shinya Takahashi2,3,4, Youichi Kondou2, Kazuo Shinozaki1 and Minami Matsui2,*

1Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Plant Science Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045 Japan
2Plant Functional Genomics Research Group, RIKEN Plant Science Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045 Japan
3Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510 Japan

*Corresponding author: E-mail, minami{at}riken.jp; Fax, +81-45-503-9584.


  Abstract

Analysis of genetic mutations is one of the most effective ways to investigate gene function. We now have methods that allow for mass production of mutant lines and cells in a variety of model species. Recently, large numbers of mutant lines have been generated by both ‘loss-of-function’ and ‘gain-of-function’ techniques. In parallel, phenotypic information covering various mutant resources has been acquired and released in web-based databases. As a result, significant progress in comprehensive pheno-type analysis is being made through the use of these tools. Arabidopsis and rice are two major model plant species in which genome sequencing projects have been completed. Arabidopsis is the most widely used experimental plant, with a large number of mutant resources and several examples of systematic phenotype analysis. Rice is a major crop species and is used as a model plant, with an increasing number of mutant resources. Other plant species are also being employed in functional genetics research. In this review, the present status of mutant resources for large-scale studies of gene function in plant research and the current perspective on using loss-of-function and gain-of-function mutants in phenome research will be discussed.

Keywords: Activation tagging - FOX hunting system - Insertional mutation - Phenome - Saturation mutagenesis - Visible phenotype

Abbreviations: Ac/Ds, Activator/Dissociation; CaMV, cauliflower mosaic virus; EMS, ethylmethane sulfonate; En/Spm, Enhancer/Suppressor-mutator; fl-cDNA, full-length cDNA; FOX, full-length cDNA overexpressor; FST, flanking sequence tag; RNAi, RNA interference.

4These authors contributed equally to this work.

(Received March 31, 2009; Accepted May 29, 2009)
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