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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on June 29, 2009
Plant and Cell Physiology 2009 50(8):1449-1462; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcp090
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Differential Gene Expression Profiles of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Components in Illuminated Arabidopsis Leaves

Keisuke Yoshida1,2,* and Ko Noguchi1

1Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan

*Corresponding author: E-mail, yoshida.k.ao{at}m.titech.ac.jp; Fax, +81-45-924-5268.


  Abstract

Plant mitochondria have multiple energy-dissipating components in the respiratory chain. It is known that these components are induced under several stress conditions. Here we examined whether the gene expression pattern and its regulatory mechanism under high light (HL) conditions are different among the respiratory components in Arabidopsis leaves. Alternative oxidase (AOX) gene expression (AOX1a and AOX1c) and amount of protein were elevated after exposure to HL. In addition to AOX, the expression of other respiratory genes, including NDA1, NDB2, NDC1, UCP1, UCP5, COX6b and CI76, was also induced by HL. NDB2 was co-expressed with AOX1a, but other HL-induced genes showed a distinct expression pattern. Manipulation of photosynthesis or respiration using several chemicals revealed that while the expression of AOX1a and NDB2 was mainly induced by inhibition of the respiratory chain, NDA1 expression was affected by photosynthesis-related reactive oxygen species. The expression of AOX1c, NDC1, COX6b and CI76 was not induced by these manipulations. When plants were exposed to HL under a high CO2 environment, the expression of several respiratory genes was more strongly induced, suggesting that modulations of cellular carbon status by elevated photosynthesis are involved in respiratory gene expression. Based on these results, we propose a mechanistic model of respiratory gene expression in illuminated leaves.

Keywords: Alternative oxidase - Arabidopsis thaliana - Energy-dissipating respiratory components - Gene expression - High light stress

Abbreviations: AL, actinic light; AntA, antimycin A; AOX, alternative oxidase; Cit, citrate; COXII, cytochrome c oxidase subunit II; DBMIB, 2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropyl-p-benzoquinone; HL, high light; H2O2, hydrogen peroxide; LL, low light; ND, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase; Mal, malate; MRR, mitochondrial retrograde regulation; MV, methyl viologen; PQ, plastoquinone; RB, Rose Bengal; ROS, reactive oxygen species; RT–PCR, reverse transcription–PCR; UCP, uncoupling protein; UQ, ubiquinone; VDAC, voltage-dependent anion channel.

2Present address: Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503 Japan.

(Received April 30, 2009; Accepted June 16, 2009)
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