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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on December 9, 2008
Plant and Cell Physiology 2009 50(2):230-242; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcn191
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Response of Jujube Fruits to Exogenous Oxalic Acid Treatment Based on Proteomic Analysis

Qing Wang1,2, Tongfei Lai1,2, Guozheng Qin1 and Shiping Tian1,*

1Key Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China
2Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China

*Corresponding author: E-mail, tsp{at}ibcas.ac.cn; Fax. +86-10-8259-4675.


  Abstract

In this study, we found that oxalic acid (OA) at the concentration of 5 mM could delay jujube fruit sene-scence by reducing ethylene production, repressing fruit reddening and reducing alcohol content, which consequently increased fruit resistance against blue mold caused by Penicillium expansum. In order to gain a further understanding of the mechanism by which OA delays senescence and increases disease resistance of jujube fruit, we used a proteomics approach to compare soluble proteome of jujube fruits treated with water or 5 mM OA for 10 min. A total of 25 differentially expressed proteins were identified by using electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS). Among these proteins, alcohol dehydrogenase 1, which plays a direct role in ethanol metabolism, was repressed, and the abundances of three photosynthesis-related proteins was enhanced in jujube fruit after OA treatment. The protein identified as a cystathionine β-synthase domain-containing protein, which can regulate ethylene precursors, was also induced by OA treatment. The activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase was significantly suppressed in OA-treated jujube fruit. In addition, three proteins related to the defense/stress response were up-regulated by OA, and contributed to the establishment of systemic resistance induced by OA in jujube fruits. These results indicated that OA treatment might affect ethanol and ethylene metabolism, resulting in delaying senescence, and increase resistance of jujube fruits against fungal pathogens.

Keywords: Defense response - Ethylene release - Jujube fruits - Oxalic acid - Senescence

Abbreviations: ACC, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid; ADH, alcohol dehydrogenase; CBB, Coomassie Brilliant Blue; CBS, cystathionine β-synthase; DTT, dithiothreitol; ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS, electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry; FID, flame ionization detector; IEF, isoelectric focusing; OA, oxalic acid; PDA, potato dextrose agar; PR proteins, pathogenesis-related proteins; ROS, reactive oxygen species; RuBisCO, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase; SAM, S-adenosyl-methionine; SOD, superoxide dismutase; TFA, trifluoroacetic acid

(Received November 10, 2008; Accepted December 3, 2008)
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