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Plant and Cell Physiology Advance Access originally published online on December 10, 2008
Plant and Cell Physiology 2009 50(1):48-57; doi:10.1093/pcp/pcn192
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved.
The online version of this article has been published under an open access model. Users are entitled to use, reproduce, disseminate, or display the open access version of this article for non-commercial purposes provided that: the original authorship is properly and fully attributed; the Journal and the Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists are attributed as the original place of publication with the correct citation details given; if an article is subsequently reproduced or disseminated not in its entirety but only in part or as a derivative work this must be clearly indicated. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Special Issue - Regular Paper

52Fe Translocation in Barley as Monitored by a Positron-Emitting Tracer Imaging System (PETIS): Evidence for the Direct Translocation of Fe from Roots to Young Leaves via Phloem

Takashi Tsukamoto1,4, Hiromi Nakanishi1,4, Hiroshi Uchida2, Satoshi Watanabe3, Shinpei Matsuhashi3, Satoshi Mori1 and Naoko K. Nishizawa1,*

1Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
2Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 434-0041 Japan
3Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Gunma, 370-1292 Japan

*Corresponding author: E-mail, annaoko{at}mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp; Fax, +81-3-5841-7514.


  Abstract

The real-time translocation of iron (Fe) in barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Ehimehadaka no. 1) was visualized using the positron-emitting tracer 52Fe and a positron-emitting tracer imaging system (PETIS). PETIS allowed us to monitor Fe translocation in barley non-destructively under various conditions. In all cases, 52Fe first accumulated at the basal part of the shoot, suggesting that this region may play an important role in Fe distribution in graminaceous plants. Fe-deficient barley showed greater translocation of 52Fe from roots to shoots than did Fe-sufficient barley, demonstrating that Fe deficiency causes enhanced 52Fe uptake and translocation to shoots. In the dark, translocation of 52Fe to the youngest leaf was equivalent to or higher than that under the light condition, while the translocation of 52Fe to the older leaves was decreased, in both Fe-deficient and Fe-sufficient barley. This suggests the possibility that the mechanism and/or pathway of Fe translocation to the youngest leaf may be different from that to the older leaves. When phloem transport in the leaf was blocked by steam treatment, 52Fe translocation from the roots to older leaves was not affected, while 52Fe translocation to the youngest leaf was reduced, indicating that Fe is translocated to the youngest leaf via phloem in addition to xylem. We propose a novel model in which root-absorbed Fe is translocated from the basal part of the shoots and/or roots to the youngest leaf via phloem in graminaceous plants.

Keywords: Barley - Fe translocation - Phloem - Positron-emitting tracer - Real-time imaging - Xylem

Abbreviations: BAS, bio-imaging analyzer system; DC, discrimination center; DMA, 2'-deoxymugineic acid; epiHMA, 3-epihydroxymugineic acid; MAs, mugineic acid family phytosiderophores; NA, nicotianamine; PETIS, positron-emitting tracer imaging system; PMPS, positron multiprobe system.

4These authors contributed equally to this work.

(Received September 16, 2008; Accepted December 4, 2008)
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